-    B.Sc (Physics), M.Sc (Physics), Dip. Economic Planning

-    PhD. (Politics) University of London

-    Demonstrator Physics Department (RA SU)

-    Head of Branch Research Policy Direction

-    Board Ministry of Planning & Finance/ Ministry of No (2) Industry

-    Research Fellow/ Fellow/ Senior Fellow/ Senior

-    Research Fellow ISEAS-YUSUF-ISHAK Institute (Singapore)